Currently, the UK education system includes primary, secondary and higher education. Primary education is for children between three and seven years old. It aims to provide a foundation for learning in the subject areas of language, mathematics, science and social studies.
Secondary education takes place at age eleven to sixteen. During this time, the student is assessed and entered for a variety of external examinations. The most common external examination is the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), which is the academic qualification for students aged fourteen and above in England and Wales. Other examinations include Advanced Subsidiary Level (ASL) or Advanced Level (A Level) in Scotland. The National Qualifications (NQ) is also a two-year course that leads to examinations at the end of the fourth year of secondary school in England and Wales.
In Scotland, children can enter secondary school at age eleven. This is similar to the first stage of compulsory education. There are also a number of specialist schools that are funded by the government. These schools are known as grammar schools, and they require a test to enter. Grammar schools are academically focused, while secondary modern schools are more vocational in nature. However, despite these differences, both education systems are similar in that they focus on a range of subject areas.
There are also private schools, which charge tuition fees instead of government funding. They must be registered with the government and undergo regular inspections. These schools are also sometimes supported by religious groups. In addition, private schools do not have to adhere to the National Curriculum. The Office for Fair Access sets the syllabi for all school levels.
After completing secondary education, students may go on to higher education, which can include further study or postgraduate study. Many students choose to remain in school for another year to prepare for A-levels. Some students may take a sub-degree course, similar to a higher education college, to bridge the gap between qualifications.
Higher education is often provided by universities. Universities typically require students to complete A-levels to be accepted. However, students may also enroll in a postgraduate Certificate or Diploma course, which is one year taught postgraduate course. These courses are often accepted as professional qualifications in a certain field. In England and Wales, these courses are usually required as an entry qualification for university. In Scotland, however, a different set of qualifications is required.
A bachelor’s degree course is a three-year course, taking students through a variety of subjects. It also provides students with the chance to gain deeper insights into particular areas of interest. In Scotland, a bachelor’s degree course can take up to four years. Other bachelor’s degree courses are available for two years, such as HND/HNC programs.
Higher education is primarily provided by universities, but some other institutions also offer courses. Universities also offer sub-degree courses, which are similar to higher education colleges. However, the courses are generally shorter. They are also shorter than those in the United States.